It went into effect in 1789 as the first modern constitutional liberal democracy based on the consent of the governed, with Washington as the first President. It produced the Constitution for a strong national government which was debated in every state and unanimously adopted. Nationalists led by George Washington, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison had Congress call a constitutional convention in 1787. The new nation operated under the very weak national government set up by the Articles of Confederation and most Americans put loyalty to their state ahead of loyalty to the nation. Frequent parades along with new rituals and ceremonies-and a new flag-provided popular occasions for expressing a spirit of American nationalism.
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The minority of Loyalists (loyal to King George III) could remain or leave, but about 80% remained and became full American citizens. American Patriots won the American Revolutionary War and received generous peace terms from Britain in 1783. Congress unanimously issued a Declaration of Independence announcing a new nation of independent states had formed, the United States of America. His pamphlet Common Sense was a runaway best seller in 1776, read aloud in taverns and coffee houses. Fighting broke out in 1775 and the sentiment swung to independence in early 1776, influenced especially by the appeal to American nationalism by Thomas Paine. The London government punished Boston for the Boston Tea Party and the Thirteen Colonies united and formed the Continental Congress, which lasted from 1774 to 1789. Parliament vigorously insisted otherwise and no compromise was found. Americans were in general agreement that only their own colonial legislatures-and not Parliament in London-could pass internal taxes. Soon afterward, the colonies faced several common grievances over acts passed by the British Parliament, including taxation without representation. John Trumbull's Declaration of Independence is often identified as a depiction of the signing of the Declaration, but it actually shows the drafting committee presenting its work to the Congress American Revolution However the exclusionary racial concept of America as a purely white nation was also promoted by the same Founding Fathers, and continues to influence far-right politics in the United States today. American scholars such as Hans Kohn however argue that the United States government institutionalized a civic nationalism founded upon legal and rational concepts of citizenship, being based on common language and cultural traditions and that the Founding Fathers of the United States established the country upon classical liberal and individualist principles. The first Naturalization Act of 1790 passed by Congress and President George Washington defined American identity and citizenship on racial lines, declaring that only "free white men of good character" could become citizens, and denying citizenship to black slaves and anyone of non-European stock thus it was a form of ethnic nationalism. Īll four forms of nationalism have found expression throughout the United States' history, depending on the historical period. The term often serves to explain efforts to reinforce its national identity and self-determination within their national and international affairs. Essentially, it indicates the aspects that characterize and distinguish the United States as an autonomous political community. American nationalism, is a form of civic, ethnic, cultural or economic influences found in the United States.
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